Transfer and method of making the same



Dec. 19, 1933. w. s. LAWRENCE I 1,939,321

TRANSFER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME Filed Jan. 20, 1933 Marking Direc/[v /mpressed upon ciaer 505a.

Paper 5056 A TTORNEYS.

Patented Dec. 19, 1933 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE TRANSFER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAllIE Application January 26,

4 Claims".

My invention relates to a new and improved transfer and a new and improved method of making the same.

' One of the objects of my invention is to pro- 5 vide an improved transfer of the ordinary heattype, in which the transfer comprises a base made of paper or other suitable material, said base having been impressed with a fusible marking which can be released from the paper base 19 by means of the heat and pressure of an ordinary flatiron.

Another object of my invention is to provide a transfer of this type which can utilize printing compositions which include cellulose de- 5 rivatives or compounds, of the type or class represented by cellulose acetate, of the type or class represented by ethylated cellulose (cellulose ethers), and of the type or class represented by cellulose nitrate.

Another object of my invention is to provide a transfer which can be simply and cheaply manufactured and which can utilize the relatively non-fusible materials above mentioned, such as nitrated cellulose, without the use of wax-coated papers, and without the use of special coatings over the imprinted marking.

Other objects of my invention will be set forth in the following description which illustrates a preferred embodiment thereof, it being under- 3 stood that the above general statement of the objects of my invention is intended merely to generally explain the same and not to limit it in any manner.

The drawing diagrammatically illustrates an article made according to my invention.

It has heretofore been proposed to make transfers by coating a paper with wax, printing upon the wax coating with nitrocellulose material and then covering this marking with an adhesive or penetrating material such as wax or the like. v

This method of manufacture has been expensive and in addition, the coating of wax or other material over the design was apt to stain the area around the printed marking.

I have found that I can produce this type of transfer in a much more simple and effective manner, by using a marking or printing composition which contains a fusible medium suitably combined with an infusible medium, or

which contains a fusible medium suitably combined with a semi-fusible medium. The invention covers mixtures of fusible and infusible mediums, or mixtures of fusible and semifusible mediums.

1933. Serial No. 652,657

For example, nitro cellulose is infusible and it is decomposed more or less at the transfer temperature which is produced by an ordinary flatiron. I combine or intermix the nitro cellulose with a solid material which plasticizes the nitro cellulose and which is also releasable from the paper base under the action of heat. I thereby secure a composition which becomes adhesive to the fabric, leather or the like, which is to be decorated, under the action of the heat and pressure. Under said action of heat and pressure the marking composition on the paper base does not melt, but it flows easily and sufficiently so that it is not excessively absorbed by the material to be decorated. or marked. After the heat and pressure have been utilized and the marking has been caused to adhere to the fabric, leather, or the like, the paper base can be readily stripped from the marking. The film of marking material which remains upon the object to be decorated or marked is soft, flexible, non-sticky and waterproof. Transfers of this type are therefore especially suitable for marking wood and paper, and a large range of other substances both porous and non-porous, in addition to fabrics and leather. The paper which is utilized is preferably smooth and nonporous so that the thin film of marking material can be readily stripped therefrom. Likewise, I can incorporate in the composition a material which has lubricating properties and which exudes from the composition after the composition has been used for printing upon the paper base, and when the composition is dry and cold. This exuded material forms a release between the paper base and the thin film of marking composition. f

The use of this exuded lubricating medium is not always necessary, but it is valuable for certain types of work.

Instead of using nitro cellulose, I can use cellulose acetate, a cellulose ether such as ethylated or benzylated cellulose, or suitable combinations of said cellulose derivatives or material.

The cellulose material or derivative is dissolved in a proper solvent to form a thick solution, which is suitably combined with plasticizer and with any suitable coloring medium such as a pigment, a dye or the like. Bronze powder may be used as a pigment.

The use of such a transfer produces a marking which resists washing and ironing and whose appearance is far superior to calico printing. I may add a little waxsuch as paraflin wax to the printing composition in order to act as a lubricant and release.

The printing composition may be utilized in a printing device of any suitable type andI may utilize intaglio printing, surface printing, and any other type of printing.

The printing medium therefore consists of a relatively or wholly infusible material, such as nitro cellulose, suitably combined with materials which fuse at the transfer temperature and which may also serve as plasticizers for the cellulose derivative. I therefore can use a suitable wax, or oil, or fat, or resin, as a plasticizer. This plasticizer can be easily fused and it is melted without decomposing.

For example, petrolatum may be one of the ingredients of the printing composition, as this is exuded from the printing composition after the marking has been formed on the paper base, and the petrolatum thereupon facilitates the stripping of the marking from the paper base.

Without limiting my invention to the specific formulas mentioned herein, I have found the following suitable, it being understood that the proportions are by weight, and that said compositions refer to the printing compositions. It will be noted that said compositions include solvents which evaporate after the marking has been impressed upon the paper base.

Formula I /2 second R. S. nitro cellulose 15 Tri phenyl phosphate 20 Blown castor oil 5 Astraphloxine 2 Acetone I 50 7 Formula II /2 second R. S. nitro cellulose 15 Glyptol balsam 20 Stearic acid 5 Vermilion 10 Acetone 50 Formula III /2 second nitro Cellulose R. S 15 Phenol formaldehyde condensation resin-.. 25 Beeswax 50 Acetone 50 Formula IV Triphenyl phosphate 50 Butyl tartrate 50 Sericose (cellulose acetate) 50 Mineral oil 5 Benzol black dye 20 Formula V Ethyl cellulose 50 Castor oil 25 Mineral oil 10 Gold bronze 20 Benzol 50 Referring to Formula No. I, the astraphloxine Referring to Formula No. IV, the benzol black dyle is a dyestuflfwhich has a very deep black co or.

In Formulas Nos. IV and V, the mineral oil acts as a lubricant. That is, said oil exudes without fusing.

ticizers are included, which are compatible with the cellulose derivatives. When such plasticizers are solid, the heated plasticizers soften, causing the composition to become adhesive. The composition thus sticks to the fibre or surface to be marked and when the paper is stripped off, the composition is released from the paper, due to the fact that it has penetrated or adheres to the surface to be marked.

It will be noted that plasticizers such as triphenyl-phosphate are readily melted at the transfer temperature and that when such plasticizers are molten, they dissolve the nitro cellu-- lose. This is an important feature of the inven-- tion. The cellulose derivative itself is transferred Since the transfer specified herein is of the heat-type, it is much superior to a transfer of the decalcomania type, since the decalcomaniarequires the use of a water-soluble coating either on the paper base or upon the surface of the marking.

I prefer to use the type of paper known as glassine.- c

A flatiron which is used in connection with a transfer of this kind is ordinarily heated to a temperature of about 250 F. In specifying this temperature inthe' description and claims, I do not wish to be limited to the use of this specific. temperature, but to distinguish from transfers of the type shown in a copending application, in which the composition does not soften sufficiently under the action of heat, so that it is necessary to use tremendous pressure in order to effect thetransfer of the marking. The improved transfer can be handled with the use of an ordinary heated fiat-iron.

paper base, said marking comprising an infusible cellulose derivative and a plasticizer which is fusible at the temperature of transferring, said plasticizer being a solvent for the cellulose derivative when said plasticizer is in the molten condition, said plasticizer being stable at said temperature.

2. A heat transfer comprising a paper base, and a marking directly impressed upon said paper base, said marking comprising an infusible cellulose drivative and a plasticizer which is fusible at the temperature of transferring, said composition also comprising a lubricant which is exuded from said composition subsequent to the printing of said composition on said paper base, said lubricant being present in sufficient proportion to permit said base to be stripped from the transferred marking.

3. A heat transfer comprising a base made of non-porous paper, and a marking directly impressed upon said paper base, said marking in- 1,989,821 eluding a cellulose derivative which is iniusiblev at ordinary transferred temperature, said marking also containing a lubricant which is stable at saidtemperature, said lubricant being present in suflicient proportion'to permit said paper base to be readily stripped from the transferred marking.

4. A heat transfer comprising a paper base and a marking directly impressed upon said paper base, said marking including material which is relatively i'niusible at ordinary transerred temperature, said marking also including material which is readily iusible at said temperature, one 01' theingredients of said marking being a lubricant which is present in sumcient proportion to permit the paper base to be stripped from the transferred marking.

WIN'I'HROP STANLEY LAWRENCE.

D l SQ LAI M E R 1,939,821.W'inthr0p Stanley Lawrence, Rego Park, N. Y. TRANSFER AND METHOD OF MAKING THE SAME.

Patent dated December 19, 1933. May 20, 1939, by the asslgnee, Kaumagmph Company.

Disclaimer filed Herebg enters this disclaimer to claim 1 in said specification.

' Gazette June 13, 1939.] 

